1. The amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth's early atmosphere decreased because it was used by plants and algae for photosynthesis, dissolved in the oceans and formed fossil fuels. Give one other way that the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth's early atmosphere decreased,

Q: Outline the steps in which magnesium oxide and Sodium hydroxide is used to separate water from heavy…

A: Heavy metal are toxic substance which hazardous in human life. Generally heavy metal are present in…

Q: Write chemical equations for the following processes: (i) Chemical reaction for ΔH°f for mercury(I)…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subparts for…

Q: Write the chemical equation for the removal of lead and copper from water using phosphates

A:

Q: Why are nitric and hydrochloric acid depositions less of a problem in most parts of the world than…

A: Acid deposition, also called acid rain, is a form of precipitation formed from the combustion…

Q: How does lime reduce sulfur dioxide emissions from the burning of coal?

A: Coal is primarily made up of carbon and it  is readily combustible. The colour of coal is…

Q: How many grams of nitrogen are required to fully react with 2.79 g of hydrogen to produce ammonia?

A: Given,Hydrogen = 2.79 gMolar mass of ammonia = 17.031 g/molMolar mass of hydrogen = 1.007 g/molMolar…

Q: The earliest Earth had an atmosphere loaded with CO2 in an intense greenhouse climate. Explain where…

A: Carbon dioxide is a colourless substance with a density nearly 53 per cent greater than that of dry…

Q: Why do some substances burn in fluorine gas even if they do not burn in oxygen gas?<

A: In most of the combustion reactions, the substance reacts with oxygen.

Q: How would the increase in O3 in the late spring Antarctic stratosphere affect the concentration of…

A: The first step of the mechanism is affected by a change in ozone concentration, but there's no…

Q: Explain the process of fixing nitrogen.

A: Nitrogen fixation is the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen in the form of ammonia.…

Q: Cxygen and Tellurium are both chalcogens, however while oxygen form carbondioxide with carbon, a…

A: In the carbon dioxide and carbon ditelluride, the carbon and other elements form double bonds. The…

Q: What is the balanced reaction of magnesium with nitrogen

A: We have to write the balanced reaction of magnesium (Mg)with nitrogen(N).

Q: Explain the relationship between the number ofelectrons in the halogen and the boiling point.

A: Halogens are electron rich. On moving top to bottom in the group, the number of electrons of an…

Q: How would you expect the structure of the ozonide ion, O3-, to differ from that of ozone?

A: VSEPR theory or valence shell electron pair repulsion theory is a model that is used to predict the…

Q: What are the negative effects of sulphur oxides on environment?

A: Sulfur oxides are produced from burning of fossil fuels and smelting of iron.

Q: Explain why the bond between B and Cl in the molecule BCl3  is shorter than would be expected for a…

A: Comparing a normal B-Cl bond with the bonds present in BCl3 shows that bond in BCl3 are stronger and…

Q: Write balanced chemical equations for each of the following reactions: 1. The combination of…

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Q: Write the chemical equation involved in the preparation and standardization of silver nitrate

A: Silver nitrate AgNO3 is a very common inorganic compound. Here we have to write the chemical…

Q: Manganese (IV) oxide, solid and black, acts as a catalyst in the dissolution of aqueous solution of…

A: Catalyst is the chemical species that are used in the reaction to alter the reaction rates. The…

Q: Write the chemical formula for tellurium hexaiodide

A:

Q: What is a greenhouse gas? Give the chemical formulas of two compounds that function as greenhouse…

A: Greenhouse gases are the gases that cause greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation which…

Q: how precipitation helps in extracting magnesium from sea water

A: Magnesium chloride is naturally extracted by seawater by precipitating it to magnesium hydroxide.…

Q: Use the energy requirements of these two processes to explain why photodissociation of oxygen is…

A:

Q: How many grams of gaseous ammonia will the reaction of 3.0 g hydrogen gas and 3.0 g of nitrogen gas…

A: The limiting reagent in a chemical reaction is a reactant that is totally consumed when the chemical…

Q: Which of the following statements about the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles is TRUE? The inorganic…

A: The inorganic forms, N_{2}, N*O_{3} , NH 4 ^ + and PO 4 ^ 3- are readily taken up by all plants and…

Q: Although the earth was formed from the same interstellar material as the sun, there is little…

A: The atmosphere of earth consists of mostly nitrogen and oxygen along with some amount of noble…

Q: What is the biological significance of the stratospheric ozone layer at Earth’s surface?

A: The stratospheric ozone layer absorbs much of the damaging fraction of solar UV radiation and thus…

Q: Explain why the structure of charcoal allows carbon to act as a good filter while the diamond…

A: The reason behind the fact that C as good filter in form of charcoal but not as filter in diamond is…

Q: It is estimated that the total amount of oxygen (O2) contained in BIFS is equivalent to 6.6% of the…

A: Amount of oxygen present in atmosphere of BIFs = 6.6% of 21% of  5.01× 1018 Kg.    = 6.6100× 21100 ×…

Q: Write chemical equations for the following processes: Reduction of VO2+ to produce VO2+…

A: 1) Since the reduction reaction means gain of electrons And in VO2+ , V is in 5+ state and in VO2+ ,…

Q: Define Sulphur Oxides (SOx) and explain the effects of SOx to the environment. Relate the effect to…

A: Sulfur oxides (SOx) are compounds of sulfur and oxygen molecules. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the…

Q: The sulfite ion, SO32−, reacts with acid analogous to the way carbonate, CO32−, reacts.  Write a…

A: Potassium sulphite on Reacting with HBr acid releases SO2 gas .

Q: Write the equation for the reaction by which carbon monoxide reduces nitric oxide to nitrogen gas.

A: Equation for the reaction by which carbon monoxide reduces nitric oxide to nitrogen gas ?

Q: Write balanced equations for the following reactions. (a) Old oil paintings can be cleaned by the…

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Q: How does CaO or CaCO2 remove SO2 from flue gases?

A: Since SO2 is an acidic gas, it has to be removed from the flue gas.

Q: Molecules in the upper atmosphere tend to contain double and triple bonds rather than single bonds.…

A: Saturated compounds are those compounds which contain only single bonds. Whereas, unsaturated…

Q: what should be done to mitigate the impacts of ocean acidification on the Great Barrier Reef

A: Mitigation the impact of ocean acidification on the great barrier reef

Q: Give an example of oxygen use in industry and medicine.

A: Oxygen is the most versatile element early in 1800 it was only a source for respiration in living…

Q: What is the molecular shape of SrBr2? Why? What is the lewis structure of SrBr2 Is it polar or non…

A: Covalent bond:  It is formed due to the sharing of electrons. In general, between two nonmetals, a…

Q: What type of reaction is indicated by the production of HBr? Two of the reactions above produce HBr.…

A: We have to discuss a reaction in which product formed is HBr.

Q: Out of white phosphorus and red phosphorus, which one is more reactive and why?

A: Allotropes are usually different structural modification of an element. White phosphorus and red…

Q: . Write the balanced equation of the reaction between chlorine dioxide and water.

A:

Group 15 elements

The elements of group 15 are phosphorus, nitrogen, bismuth antimony, and arsenic. The most abundant element which is present in the air is nitrogen and the percentage of nitrogen present in the air is 78%. In the free state, the elemental nitrogen is present as diatomic gas (N2). In the organic matter obtained from plants and animals, phosphorus is the dominant element present. In nucleic acids, phosphate groups are present. Phosphates are also found in teeth and bones. The other elements arsenic, bismuth, and antimony are found as sulfides. Arsenopyrite, bismuth glance, and stibnite are examples of sulfides of arsenic, bismuth, and antimony respectively.