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1. Explain the differences in the degree to which the following scheduling
FCFS
RR
2. Give a practical example how dead lock occurs.
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Solved in 2 steps
- Explain the differences in the degree to which the following scheduling algorithms discriminate in favor of short processes: a. FCFS b. RR c. Multilevel feedback queues(For the following short questions, provide a 3-4-line answer. The answer should be based on your analysis and critical thinking) Consider there are two set of processes Set1 has processes with longer burst times than Set2. The operating system is implementing Shortest Job First (SJF) for Scheduling. Which SJF approach is suitable for Set1 and Set2 (choose from Preemptive and Non-Preemptive). Justify your answer. Can we improve overall process execution performance by increasing RAM size? What are the pros and cons of increasing RAM size? What is the role of IO devices in process execution? What are the reasons for a process to exit from running state other than it finishes? If OS claims provision of protection and sharing mechanisms at the same time, do these mechanisms not violate the purpose of each other? Justify. Why is synchronization necessary among processes when all of them are executing on a single CPU machine and only one of them can actually execute at any one moment?…If you are working with scheduling policies, you are requested to investigate the variation of round robin in which a process that has used its full time quantum is returned to the end of the READY queue, while one that has used half of its time quantum is returned to the middle of the queue and one that has used one-fourth of its time quantum goes to a place one-fourth of the distance away from the beginning of the queue. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of this scheduling policy. Identify the user group that would find this most advantageous. Describe the unique threats to a data centre posed by disgruntled employees. Describe how you would identify such people, if possible, and how you would protect your system from these threats. What are the parameters that affect the efficiency of the round robin?
- Do Execution Paths 3 and 4 encompass the first three conditions for a deadlock to occur? Explain your answer.In your opinion what does the term semaphore mean in terms of managing concurrent processes in operating systems. a) consider the case of a non negative counting semaphore S. During an execution, 18P(S) operations and 13 V (S) operations were carried out in some order. What is the largest initial value of S for which at least two P(S) operations are blocked?Scheduling is a method that is used to distribute valuable computing resources, usually processor time, bandwidth, and memory, to the various processes, threads, data flows and applications that need them. Scheduling is done to balance the load on the system and ensure equal distribution of resources and give some prioritization according to set rules. This ensures that a computer system is able to serve all requests and achieve a certain quality of service. With this regard, Discuss the usefulness of Gantt charts in the scheduling process.
- If you are working with scheduling policies, you are requested to investigate the variation of round robin in which a process that has used its full time quantum is returned to the end of the READY queue, while one that has used half of its time quantum is returned to the middle of the queue and one that has used one-fourth of its time quantum goes to a place one-fourth of the distance away from the beginning of the queue. Question 5 Explain the advantages and disadvantages of this scheduling policy. Identify the user group that would find this most advantageous. Describe the unique threats to a data centre posed by disgruntled employees. Describe how you would identify such people, if possible, and how you would protect your system from these threats. What are the parameters that affect the efficiency of the round robin?A deadlock occurs when a group of processes is stalled because one process is holding a resource and waiting for another process to obtain it. Consider the situation when two trains are approaching each other on the same track and there is only one track: once they are in front of each other, neither train can proceed. In operating systems, a similar scenario happens when two or more processes possess certain resources while waiting on resources owned by other processes (s). In the picture below, Process 1 is holding Resource 1 and waiting for Process 2 to acquire Resource 2, while Process 2 is waiting for Resource 1. Give an example of a realistic deadlock avoidance approach and describe the basic strategy behind it.1.) What is a deadlock? Explain and you may use common examples. How does it affect and what can be done to avoid or minimize deadlocks? 2.) Consider the FCFS, SJF, and RR (quantum = 8 milliseconds) scheduling algorithms for this set of processes. Process Burst Time P1 8 P2 25 P3 3 P4 7 P5 11 The processes are assumed to have arrived in the order P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, all at time 0. a) Draw Gantt charts that illustrate the execution of these processes using the following scheduling algorithms: FCFS, SJF, and RR (3 marks) b) What is the waiting time of each process for each of these scheduling algorithms? (3 marks) c) Which of the algorithms results in the minimum average waiting time (overall processes)? (1 mark) d) Derive the Need (max-Alloc) matrix. It should be presented like the Allocation or Maximum matrices above. (3 marks) e) If the request from process P1 arrives for (0,1,2,0), can the request be granted? Why? (3 marks).
- An operating system uses the banker’s algorithm for deadlock avoidance when managing the allocation of three resource types X, Y and Z to three processes P0, P1 and P2. The table given below presents the current system state. Here, the Allocation matrix shows the current number of resources of each type allocated to each process and the Max matrix shows the maximum number of resources of each type required by each process during its execution Allocation Max X Y Z X Y Z P0 0 0 1 8 4 3 P1 3 2 0 6 2 0 P2 2 1 1 3 3 3 There are 3 units of type X, 2 units of type Y and 2 units of type Z still available. The system is currently in safe state. Consider the following independent requests for additional resources in the current state- REQ1: P0 requests 0 units of X, 0 units of Y and 2 units of Z REQ2: P1 requests 2 units of X, 0 units of Y and 0 units of Z Write a program to check whether: Only REQ1 can be permitted Only REQ2 can be permitted…assume a system has 6 identical resources and N processes competing for them. each process can request at most 2 resources. what is the maximum value of N for the system to be deadlock free?An operating system uses the banker's algorithm for deadlock avoidance when managing the allocation of three resource types X, Y and Z to three processes P0, P1 and P2. The table given below presents the current system state. Here, the Allocation matrix shows the current number of resources of each type allocated to each process and the Max matrix shows the maximum number of resources of each type required by each process during its execution Allocation Маx Y Y PO 8 4 3 P1 3 2 6 2 P2 2 1 3 3 3 There are 3 units of type X, 2 units of type Y and 2 units of type Z still available. The system is currently in safe state. Consider the following independent requests for additional resources in the current state- REQ1: P0 requests 0 units of X, 0 units of Y and 2 units of Z REQ2: P1 requests 2 units of X, 0 units of Y and 0 units of Z Write a program to check whether: A. Only REQ1 can be permitted B. Only REQ2 can be permitted C. Both REQ1 and REQ2 can be permitted D. Neither REQ1 nor REQ2 can…