Chapter 8 Focus Questions

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Chapter 8: Summative Assessment and Evaluation: The Last Judgment 1. When should teachers administer summative assessments? a. Teachers should administer summative assessments after a specific learning period. This could be at the end of a lesson, a semester, or the year. Summative assessments provide the last opportunity for students to show that they have learned the material and can meet the standards. They are also usually given after students have been given other opportunities to master a skill through instructional guidance, practice, and formative assessments. 2. What are some of the controversies surrounding grading and reporting? a. Giving an assignment that only addresses one or two indicators of a standard or only one part of a curriculum objective can be controversial. This is not good for a summative assessment but may be used as a formative assessment. Also, some teachers allow students to make up missed tests or just retake a test they did poorly on. This is hard because some students will do back work throughout the year and demand to retake everything during the last week of school, so it is important to set a cutoff date for retakes/makeups. 3. Why are both formative and summative assessments used to arrive at a final evaluation of a student’s knowledge and skills? a. Summative assessments should be similar in content and type to the formative assessment that was given earlier. This makes sure the students don’t feel tricked by having taken a formative assessment and then given a summative assessment that has nothing that was covered in class. It should not be the same exact questions but still should be similar. You can use questions from homework, quizzes, and tests in a slightly different format for the summative assessment. 4. Do you think benchmark or interim assessments should be classified as formative or summative? Explain your reasons. a. I think that benchmark or interim assessments should be classified as formative because they are used to provide short-cycle feedback on student’s progress. These kinds of assessments can help teachers to see where their students are at in order to know what needs to be gone over more or how to change their teaching strategies to get ready for the final summative assessment. 5. Why can teachers’ evaluations of students be more accurate that standardized test scores? a. A teacher’s evaluation of students can be more accurate than standardized test scores because the teachers know the students better than anyone. A teacher can judge student work base on knowledge that comes from the development and application of the criteria which makes them more reliable than an external test. 6. What is the difference between formative assessments and summative assessments? a. A formative assessment is given in the middle of a lesson in order to see how students are doing with the material so that the teacher can see what needs to be
worked on more before the final test. These are usually not graded and have low stakes. A summative assessment is given at the end of a lesson, term, or year and is given to show if the students have actually learned or not. These assessments are grades and often determine the final grade for students.
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