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1. What is a behavioral deficit? Describe a self management problem that consists of a behavioral deficit. (p. 416) A behavioral deficit is the failure to do things that you enjoy and are desirable. Failure to eat properly all day and not getting your daily nutrients would be a behavioral deficit. 2. In your example, identify the immediate contingencies responsible for the behavioral deficit and the long-term outcome of the behavior. (p. 416) The deficit is eating healthy. Immediate contingencies could be an upset stomach and lack of energy. The long-term outcome would be weight gain, poor nutrient levels, and other nutrient-lacking complications. 3. What is a behavioral excess? Describe a self management problem that consists of a behavioral excess. (pp. 416–417) Behavioral excess is the overuse of undesirable behaviors. An example is excessive drinking- more than moderate daily alcohol consumption. 4. In your example, identify the immediate contingencies responsible for the target behavior and the long-term outcome of the behavior. (p. 417) The immediate contingencies causing excessive drinking could be sadness and failure to regulate your alcohol intake. The long-term outcomes include liver failure and heart disease. 5. Identify the basic elements of self-management. (p. 418) The basic elements of self-management are a controlling behavior which influences the likelihood of engaging in a controlled behavior which is the behavior you are trying to repeat in the future. 6. What are controlling behaviors? Provide an example. (p. 418) Controlling behaviors are self-management strategies that allow you to alter a targeted behavior. One example is using a toy fidget instead of picking your skin. 7. What is a controlled behavior? Provide an example. (p. 418) A controlled behavior is the targeted behavior you are attempting to alter through the use of controlling behaviors. One example is skin picking.

8. What is the relationship between the target behavior and alternative behaviors in a self management problem involving a behavioral deficit? (pp. 416–417) Alternative behaviors are short-term techniques to get rid of problem behaviors but interfere with the target behavior. 9. What is the relationship between the target behavior and the alternative behaviors in a self management problem involving a behavioral excess? (pp. 416–417) Alternative behaviors are short term which means they are not as reinforcing as target behaviors and cause the behavior to occur more excessively. 10. Identify the various types of antecedent manipulations that can be used in a self-management program. (pp. 419–420) Adding discriminative stimulus or cues to for desirable behavior Removing discriminative stimulus or cues for undesirable behaviors that might be interfering with desirable behavior. Preparing an establishing operation for desirable behavior. Present an abolishing operation for undesirable behavior. Decreasing the response effort for desirable target behavior. Increasing response effort for competing behavior. 11. Provide an example of a person using a behavioral contract in a self-management program. (pp. 420–421) One example of a person using a behavioral contract in a self-management program is arranging some sort of punishment inflicted on yourself by another person if you fail to fix a target behavior. 12. How is the strategy of arranging reinforcers or punishers different from a behavioral contract? How is it similar? (pp. 421–422) The strategy of arranging reinforcers or punishers different from a behavioral contract in that they do not rely on another person for assistance or accountability. Can be less effective because you can give yourself the reinforcer without completing the task.

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