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Name: Micah Ndango
Date: October 26, 2023
Lab 02 – Force and Motion
Q1. Describe the motion of the box when a continuous force of 50 N is applied.
Answer: The velocity of the box is increasing, which is evident because the
speedometer is also increasing. The acceleration of the box is constantly increasing
because the velocity is constantly changing. The displacement of the box is constantly
increasing.
Q2. Describe the motion of the box when a continuous force of 50 N is applied for 5
seconds and then released.
Answer: The velocity of the box is constant because the speedometer is also constant.
The box is not accelerating because there is no change in velocity. The displacement of
the box is constantly increasing.
Q3. Describe what happens to the motion of the moving box when a force of 50N is
applied to the left.
Answer: The velocity of the box is increasing to the left, which is evident because the
speedometer is also increasing. The acceleration of the box is increasing because the
velocity is also increasing. The displacement of the box is increasing to the left.
Q4. Newton’s first law of motion states that an object at rest stays at rest with the same
speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Explain
how your answers to questions 1 to 3 support this law.
Answer: If force isn’t applied to the box, then the box isn’t moving and “is staying at
rest.” When constant force is applied to the box, then the velocity, displacement, and
acceleration constantly increase. When force is applied for a short amount of time and
then stopped, the box continues to move at the same velocity.
Q5. Record the times needed to reach maximum speed when one crate is on the
skateboard.
Applied Force (N)
Time to Reach Max Speed (s)
50
40 s
100
20 s
200
10s
Q5. Record the times needed to reach maximum speed when two crates are stacked on
the skateboard.
Applied Force (N)
Time to Reach Max Speed (s)
50
80s
100
40 s
200
20 s
Q6. Record the times needed to reach maximum speed when the refrigerator is on the
skateboard.
Applied Force (N)
Time to Reach Max Speed (s)
50
159 s
100
80s
200
40s
Q7. Record the times needed to reach maximum speed when the wrapped package is
on the skateboard.
Applied Force (N)
Time to Reach Max Speed (s)
50
40s
100
20s
200
10s
Q8. What was your predicted time to reach maximum speed when a force of 400 N was
applied with the wrapped package on the skateboard?
Answer: My predicted time to reach maximum speed when a force of 400 N was applied
to the package was 5 seconds.
Q9: What was your actual time to reach maximum speed when a force of 400 N was
applied with the wrapped package on the skateboard?
Answer: My actual time to reach maximum speed was 4 seconds.
Q10. In the steps above, you applied the same forces to several different objects on the
skateboard.
Which object was the most massive?
Which object was the least
massive?
State the reasons for your answer to this question.
Answer: The object that was the most massive was the refrigerator because it took the
most time to reach maximum speed. The object that was the least massive was the gift-
wrapped because it took the least amount of time to reach the maximum speed.
Q11. Newton’s second law states that the acceleration of an object produced by a net
force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force in the same direction as
the net force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Explain how your
observations in steps 1 to 9 support this law.
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Related Questions
Directions: Write TRUE is the statement is correct but if it is false, change the underlined words with the
correct answer.
1. A force is a push or pull
2. Force is a galar quantity
3. The unit of force is Newton (N)
4. In general, a body can have several forces acting on it at the same time
5. Inertial frame of reference are reference frame where Newton's First law are observable.
6. Another effect of a balanced force, equilibrium, is that a body accelerates.
7. The heavier the object, the lesser the inertia.
8. Forces acting on a body are unbalanced if the resultant force is not zero
9. In an inertial reference frame, No forces should be exerted within the frame.
10. Normal force is lateral in nature.
П.
Identify Action Reaction Pairs
A student in hot air balloon ascends vertically at a constant speed. Consider the four forces in this
situation:
Fl= the weight of the baloon
F2= the weight of the student
F3= the force of the student pulling on the earth
F4= the support force of the…
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Identify the following statements if they indicate the first law, second law or third law of motion. Choose
from the box below and write the corresponding letter of the correct answer.
a. Law of Inertia
b. Law of Acceleration
c. Law of Interaction
d. none of the above
1. A bicycle or car will keep moving unless the rider or driver applies a frictional force through the
brakes to stop it.
2. Running
3. When you bump into someone, you fall back
4. A car still moves for a short period of time even after the brakes have been applied
5. Karma.
6. Pushing a shopping cart full of groceries.
7. pushing a stailed car
8. A situation where your dirty room will not be cleaned unless ordered by your mom.
9. Lying on top of your bed
10. Jumping up
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A very dedicated physics student decides to ride the elevator in Strode while standing on a scale. The student weighs 700 N. Determine the apparent weight the student reads on the scale for the following 3 situations:a. The elevator is accelerating upwards at 3 m/s^2.b. The elevator is moving upwards at 7 m/s. c. The elevator is accelerating downwards at 4 m/s^2.
Please include known values, a diagram, and implied values so I can better understand.
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Analyzing Forces: Using Newton's 2nd Law
A fireman has a mass of 75 kg. When the bell in the firehouse starts ringing, he slides
down the pole with an acceleration of 3 m/s². What is the total force of friction acting on
his body?
1. Identify the problem: What quantity are you being asked to find?
What units will this answer be in?
2. Visualize and then sketch the problem.
Draw arrows to illustrate the direction
of the two forces acting on the fireman.
Label these two forces by name.
Do not use numbers yet.
3. These two forces act in opposite (+/-)
directions and they will partially cancel.
Assign the + value to the stronger force.
The sum of these two forces is called the
Net Force and it is the force which will actually
move the fireman.
Fill in the names of these two forces in the
equation template below. (Hint: Remember that mass and weight are not the same.)
Do not use numerical values yet:
Net Force = +
4. Newton's 2nd Law gives us another equation for calculating Net Force:
Net…
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Answer number 1 and the picture below
1. When a heavy football player and a light one run into each other, who exerts more force in reference to the Third Law of Motion?
A.There is no such thing as force
B.The heavy one
C.They are equal
D.The light one
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1. State the three laws of motion.
2. Why does a child in a wagon seem to fall back when you give the wagon a sharp pull forward?
3.
If the acceleration of an object is zero, are no forces acting on it? Explain.
4. If an object is moving, is it possible for the net force acting on it to be zero?
5. Only one force acts on an object. Can the object have zero acceleration? Can it have zero velocity?
Explain.
6. When an object falls freely under the influence of gravity there is a net force mg exerted on it by the
Earth. Yet by newton's third law the object exerts an equal and opposite force on the Earth. Does
the Earth move?
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1. Make a sketch of how you think the acceleration vs. mass graph will look for carts with different masses released from rest from the top of an inclined track.
2. Do you think the acceleration of the cart increases, decreases, or stays the same as the mass of the cart increases? Explain your reasoning.
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During a high speed chase, a fast running mouse collided with an elephant . The mouse rolled back after the collision. Using Newton's third law to explain the following.
A. Why does the mouse roll back?
B. Does the elephant have acceleration after the collision? If there is in what direction?
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Answer the following question with the correct letter.1. Which law has this statement? “The sum of the forces (F) on an object is equal to the mass (m) of that object multiplied by the acceleration (a) of the object”.
a. First Law
b. Second Law
c. Third Law
d. Law of Gravitation
2. Which law has this statement? “When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body”.
a. First Law
b. Second Law
c. Third Law
d. Law of Gravitation
3. A physical quantity related to the property of an object to resist changes in its motion.
a. Inertia
b. Acceleration
c. Mass
d. Force
4. True or false? In considering forces in systems, their direction is not important.
a. True
b. False
5. An object following a straight-line path at constant speed <blank>.
a. Has net force acting upon it in the direction of motion
b. Has zero acceleration
c. Must be moving in a vacuum
d. Has no forces acting…
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TU0%
3. Describe the motion of the freezer. Will its velocity change? If yes, how?
4. Which object has more inertia - a bowling ball or a tennis ball? Explain.
5. How does inertia influence your ability to roll a bowling ball versus a tennis ball? Explain.
6. Write Newton's First Law of Motion in your own words. You MAY NOT use the following
words: at rest, motion, constant velocity, net force.
7. Use Newton's First Law of Motion and the concept of inertia to explain what happens to a
in a head-on car accident who is not wearing a seat belt. How does wearing a seat
person
belt help?
pe here to search
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Advisory: Spillane
M bl password
librar
Which of the following quantities is
described by both a magnitude and a
direction?
A, acceleration
B. distance
C. mass
D. speed
An astronaut is making repairs on a
satellite in space. The astronaut bumps
against the satellite, causing a part to
break off.
9.
Which statement describes the motion of
the part after it breaks off the satellite?
A. The part will immediately stop
moving when a force is no longer
acting on it.
one
B. The part will accelerate along a
straight path until it is aqted upon
by another force.
one
um
ad
th
C. The part will move at a constant
speed along a straight path until it
is acted upon by another force.
D. The part will move a short distance
until it gradually comes to a stop as
its inertia decreases.
ut
the
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Directions: Identify what law of motion is being shown in the following situations.
1. When an astronaut is drifting in space, he will travel at a constant speed in a
straight line forever if no force act on it.
2. Lighter vehicles accelerate faster than heavier vehicles.
3. When we walk on the ground, our foot pushes the ground backward, and as a
reaction, the ground pushes our foot forward.
4. When you push a cart, the cart pushes back against you.
5. Men in space find it more difficult to stop moving because of lack of gravity
acting against them.
6. Pulling a table cloth out under plates.
7. Two opposing team playing tug of war.
8. Firing a gun.
9. Hammering a nail.
10. When you are driving a car, and you hit the break and your body moved forward.
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Please explain the following:
1.When you apply a constant force to an object does the object move at a constant
velocity or does its velocity increase? Explain why this occurs using your understanding of
acceleration/force (gravity).
2. When you increase the applied force, what happens to the acceleration of the object?
Explain.
3. As the mass increases, what happens to the amount of force needed to begin moving
the object? Explain.
4. Do you need to continue applying force on an object to keep it moving? Explain why.
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Answer the following with the correct letter.
1. Which law has this statement? “When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body”.
a. First Law
b. Second Law
c. Third Law
d. Law of Gravitation
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Answer the following with the correct letter.
1. A physical quantity related to the property of an object to resist changes in its motion.
a. Inertia
b. Acceleration
c. Mass
d. Force
2. True or false? In considering forces in systems, their direction is not important.
a. True
b. False
3. An object following a straight-line path at constant speed <blank>.
a. Has net force acting upon it in the direction of motion
b. Has zero acceleration
c. Must be moving in a vacuum
d. Has no forces acting on it
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9.
DETAILS
SERCP11 4.2.OP.010.
1/2 Submissions Used
MY NOTES
ASK YOUR TEACHER
An M4 carbine has a 0.370 m long barrel. When fired, a bullet with a mass of 4.00 g accelerates from rest and exits the barrel at a speed of 910 m/s. What is the net force on
the bullet (in N) while it is in the barrel? (Enter the magnitude. ASsume a constant acceleration.)
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Steven is standing in an elevator that is moving upward, but slowing down as it approaches the 27th floor where Steven lives. Which of the following is true?
1. The force of the floor on Steven is smaller in magnitude than the force of gravity on Steven. Steven accelerates upward.
2. The force of the floor on Steven is equal and opposite to the force of gravity on Steven.
3. The force of the floor on Steven is greater in magnitude than the force of gravity on Steven. Steven accelerates upward.
4. The force of the floor on Steven is greater in magnitude than the force of gravity on Steven. Steven accelerates downward.
5. The force of the floor on Steven is smaller in magnitude than the force of gravity on Steven. Steven accelerates downward.
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Module 1: Newton's Laws of Motion
Activity 1
Conceptual Questions on Newton's First Law of Motion
Question
Answer
1. Why do moving objects eventually come to a
stop?
2. What is meant by net external force?
3. How does Newton's First Law of Motion relate
to seatbelts?
4. Why is it difficult or tiring when walking an a
very slippery floor?
5. An elephant chases Mark. The mass of the
elephant is too dangerous. But if Mark runs
around an oval, the mass of the eleptant will be
Mark's advantage. Why?
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2. To push a 25 kg wooden box up a 30O inclined plane, a man exerts a force of 150 N parallel to the inclined plane. The wooden box slides 5 meters and the coefficient of friction between the wooden box and the inclined plane is 0.25;
a. Draw the clear and neat figure of the system.
b. Draw the Force diagram.
c. Establish the convenient axis and reflect the component of the forces along the axis.
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I. NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
1. When you are in a train, your body leans backwards as the train starts to move from rest. What Newton’s law of motion does this demonstrate?
A. 2nd Law of Motion
B. Law of Acceleration
C. 1st Law of Motion
D. 3rd Law of Motion
2. A shooter experiences a recoil after firing a bullet with a gun. What Newton’s law of motion does this demonstrate?
A. 3rd Law of Motion
B. Law of Inertia
C. 2nd Law of Motion
D. 1st Law of Motion
3. The greater the force you apply to an object the greater the change in velocity is per unit of time. What Newton’s law of motion does this demonstrate?
A. 1st Law of Motion
B. Law of Interaction
C. 3rd Law of Motion
D. 2nd Law of Motion
4. What will be the new value of an object’s acceleration if we square the original mass of it?
A. Acceleration will increase by a factor equals to gravitational acceleration.
B. Acceleration will remain the same.
C. Acceleration will decrease by a factor equals to mass.
D. Acceleration will be…
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1. Sketch a graph of the magnitude of the kinetic frictional force on a sliding block as a function of the magnitude of the normal force.
2. Does the kinetic frictional force on the block increase, decrease, or stay the same as the normal force on the block increases? Is the relationship linear, or curved? Explain your reasoning.
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Part A. Find the tension in the cord A for system a.
Part B. Find the tension in thecord B for system a.
Part C. Find the tension in the cord C for system a.
Part D. Find the tension in cord A for system b.
Part E. Find the tension in the cord B for system b.
Part F. Find the tension in the cord C for system b.
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1. What are the SI units of mass, acceleration, weight, and force?
2. List 3 types of contact forces and one long-range force (names and symbols).
3. What are the conditions for equilibrium (words and equations)?
4. A force is applied to a rope that is connected to two other ropes as shown. Draw a free body diagram for the O-ring connecting all 3 ropes and use Newton’s 1st Law to calculate the tensions in ropes 1 and 2.
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Ignoring friction, explain what would occur in the following situation and how it relates to Newton’s Third law.
a. A cannon shoots out a cannon ball. Draw and label the action and reaction forces between the cannon and cannonball.
b. How does the cannon's acceleration compare to the cannon ball and why?
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Compare and contrast the dynamics of a cyclist riding along a velodrome track at a constant speed, to one who is freely rolling down the track/ramp (no friction). a. Construct free-body diagrams for each situation (angle = ɵ). b. Draw a “dotted arrow” showing the direction of acceleration for each case on the FBD. c. Starting with FNET=ma (in the direction of “a”), determine an equation for “a” for each.
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What is the subtle distinction between Newton’s law of inertia and Galileo’s assertion that force is not necessary to sustain horizontal motion?
A. Newton gives meaning to the idea of force on a body.
B. Galileo simply based his ideas on thought experiments.
C. Aristotle’s idea of inertia is more valid than Galileo’s.
D. Galileo’s idea of inertia is only for objects in motion.
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1. Make a sketch of a friction block sliding down the inclined track. Draw and label vectors to indicate the direction of the velocity and the direction of the acceleration. Also assign a symbol to the mass of the block and label it on the drawing.
2. Draw a free-body diagram of the forces on the block as it slides down the ramp. Draw the acceleration vector for the block near the free-body diagram. Choose a coordinate system, and draw the force vectors on your coordinate system (a force diagram). What angles between your force vectors and your coordinate axes are the same as the angle between the ramp and the table? Determine all of the angles between the force vectors and the coordinate axes.
3. Write down Newton's 2nd law in both the x and y directions. For any forces that are at an angle to your coordinate system, be sure to consider the components along the x and y axes. Your answer will depend on how you define your coordinate system.
4. Using the equations in step 3,…
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inspire Physics
PRACTICE Problems
ADDITIONAL PRACTICE
20. On Earth, a scale shows that you weigh 585 N.
a. What is your mass?
b. What would the scale read on the Moon (g = 1.60 N/kg)
21. CHALLENGE Use the results from Example Problem 3 to ar
would be exerted by the scale on a person in the following s
a. The elevator moves upward at constant speed.
b. It slows at 2.0 m/s² while moving downward.
c. It speeds up at 2.0 m/s² while moving downward.
d. It moves downward at constant speed.
In what direction is the net force as the elevator slows
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Cabinet of mass (40 kg) rests on a rough horizontal floor. If you pulled the cabinet with a horizontal force of (N 200), the coefficient of kinetic friction between the cabinet and the floor (0.4), and the acceleration of free fall (10 m / s2), calculate the amount of: a. The kinetic friction force acting on the cabinet. B . Treasury acceleration.
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PHY 150
Newton's Second Law – Part 1
Day 1 of 2
1. We will be accelerating a cart on a track by inclining the track at a small angle.
Initial position
Final position
2. Draw a free-body diagram for the cart. Label your diagram with a set of coordinate
axes (x,y). [Hint: What direction does the cart accelerate? Make that direction the
positive x-direction.]
3. Using your free body diagram, find the net force on the cart?
4. Write Newton's 2nd law for the cart. Plug in the net force from #3.
5. Solve the equation in #4 for the acceleration of the cart. You then have a hypothesis
(prediction) for the acceleration. [HINT: There are some measurements you need to
make in order to calculate the acceleration.]
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3. In each case below, determine the following:
a. the normal force,
b.the friction force, if u = 0.10
c. the value of P needed to move the block at uniform
speed (consider the friction force solved in b)
d. the value of P needed to accelerate the block at 0.50
m/s2 (consider the friction force solved in b)
case 1
case 2
50 kg
50 kg
30°
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- Analyzing Forces: Using Newton's 2nd Law A fireman has a mass of 75 kg. When the bell in the firehouse starts ringing, he slides down the pole with an acceleration of 3 m/s². What is the total force of friction acting on his body? 1. Identify the problem: What quantity are you being asked to find? What units will this answer be in? 2. Visualize and then sketch the problem. Draw arrows to illustrate the direction of the two forces acting on the fireman. Label these two forces by name. Do not use numbers yet. 3. These two forces act in opposite (+/-) directions and they will partially cancel. Assign the + value to the stronger force. The sum of these two forces is called the Net Force and it is the force which will actually move the fireman. Fill in the names of these two forces in the equation template below. (Hint: Remember that mass and weight are not the same.) Do not use numerical values yet: Net Force = + 4. Newton's 2nd Law gives us another equation for calculating Net Force: Net…arrow_forwardAnswer number 1 and the picture below 1. When a heavy football player and a light one run into each other, who exerts more force in reference to the Third Law of Motion? A.There is no such thing as force B.The heavy one C.They are equal D.The light onearrow_forward1. State the three laws of motion. 2. Why does a child in a wagon seem to fall back when you give the wagon a sharp pull forward? 3. If the acceleration of an object is zero, are no forces acting on it? Explain. 4. If an object is moving, is it possible for the net force acting on it to be zero? 5. Only one force acts on an object. Can the object have zero acceleration? Can it have zero velocity? Explain. 6. When an object falls freely under the influence of gravity there is a net force mg exerted on it by the Earth. Yet by newton's third law the object exerts an equal and opposite force on the Earth. Does the Earth move?arrow_forward
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