HIS-1010_WA3

.docx

School

Thomas Edison State College *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

1010

Subject

History

Date

Jan 9, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by MinisterLarkPerson814 on coursehero.com

1 Running Head: WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 3 HIS-1010 Western Civilization I Written Assignment 3 Thomas Edison State University

2 WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 3 Short Answer Questions What were the 'disasters' that Europe suffered during the fourteenth century, and what were their consequences? Europe suffered several major disasters during the fourteenth century. The Black Death, corruption within the church, and disaffection with the church were three of the biggest. With these disasters came consequences that not only impacted social structures, but the population as well. The Black Death hit in 1348, wiping out roughly one third of the population. This obviously led to a significant population decline. The Black Death also had economic consequences, trade obstruction, inconsistent prices, and shortages. There were also labor disputes with the governments, trying to control wages and prices. At the same time, political chaos erupted, particularly in the Hundred Years' War and the Wars of the Roses.[ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ] The church faced its own challenges in the fourteenth century, mainly due to corruption and a disconnect with the public. Edward I and Philip the Fair led the charge in taxing the church, which ultimately came to a head. Things really started looking bad when the Dance of Death and witch hunts came into play. These were mainly brought on due to the religious anxieties that had emerged. [ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ] People were not happy with the church and began to act out. This disaffection led to the rise of heretical movements, such as those led by John Wyclif and John Huss, challenging the

3 WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 3 practices and teachings of the church. Church councils convened to address these issues but failed to bring about significant reforms.[ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ] What was the economic policy of Mercantilism? Mercantilism was an economic policy that focused on gathering precious metals like gold and silver. These precious metals were used to increase a nation's wealth and power, as well as establishing a self-sufficient national economy. Mercantilism encouraged industrialization and discouraged idleness, begging, and unemployment. The policy focused on increasing the production of finished goods while, reducing the export of raw materials, and the consumption of all materials used in the production process. [ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ] Governments oversaw mercantilist policies, implementing regulations to protect and dictate economic activities. The government supported merchants who provided employment and promoted domestic industries. This led to the decline of local guilds and the rise of national industries.[ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ] To ensure these economic policies were successful, companies that were supported by governments were established and became monopolies in specific trade regions. Companies like the East India Company, Russia Company, and Turkey Company received special privileges, subsidies, and protections to promote the national economic interests.[ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ] Mercantilism was an economic policy that focused on growing a nation’s wealth and power. This was accomplished by bringing gold and silver into circulation, focusing on

4 WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 3 production, reducing unemployment, and creating monopolies. Governments played the most important role in Mercantilism. Taking control of the economy and ensuring its success. [ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ] What were the principle issues addressed by the Peace of Westphalia? The Peace of Westphalia was a wildly important event in European history. The treaty addressed a wide range of issues that defined Europe during the 17 th century. Religious freedom, the Holy Roman Empire, and Wars of Religion are just a few of the issues the Peace of Westphalia addressed. One of the issues addressed with the Peace of Westphalia, was the resolution of religious conflicts, for most. It renewed the terms of the Peace of Augsburg, allowing German states to choose their own religion. Along with the renewed Peace of Augsburg, the treaty also added Calvinism as an accepted faith. This was a major victory for the German people and was a huge victory in the fight for religious diversity. The treaty also settled disputes over church territories. The Catholics were forced to abandon territories that had been secularized after 1552. [ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ] With the Peace of Westphalia, over 300 German states were seen as sovereign from the Holy Roman Empire. Each state now had the right to conduct diplomacy, make treaties with foreign powers, and govern themselves as they saw fit. The Empire was to be “hands off”, no laws made, not taxes raised, no soldiers recruited, and no war declared. This method of revoking power of states from the Empire was used to dramatically reduce the political power the Empire had. [ CITATION Pal14 \l 1033 ]

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help