Copy of Unit 4_ Sea-Based Empires Graphic Organizer 2019
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Unit 4: Sea-Based Empires Comparison 1450-1750
Spain
Portugal
Government
Explain the process of state
building and expansion.
How did they build and manage
their empires? Who was in
charge? What type of govt?
representatives of the Spanish monarchy in the Spanish empire.
To ensure that the viceroy colonies would not rebel against the king, the king established courts to oversee the viceroy's management of the Spanish colonies in America.
Portugal's empire structure made it possible for the tiny country's to have multiple ports throughout the world without needing to support big populations or areas of territory
Navy and weapons.
Trading Posts and/or
Colonies Established
Philippines: Manila
Americas: Aztec, Incan territory's, present day New Mexico, and Florida Indian ocean: Hormuz, Goa, and Malacca
Americas: Brazil
Africa: Swahili coast and central west Africa
Technological
Innovations
What technologies did this
empire utilize or develop to
establish and maintain their sea-
based empire?
A caravel ship for extended and quick trips Galleon ships traveling across the Pacific to trade in silver were separated using Mercury, which raised its profitability. Carrack ships for trading
Caravel ships for long and quick trips
Cartography/Map Making
Economic How did the trading posts and/or
colonies contribute to this
empire’s economic
development? The world recognized currency that linked the main trading networks was created by mining silver in the new world. The Spanish dollar was the first money to be used worldwide.
Cash crop:
Silver, sugar tobacco
Brazil was well known for this cash crop, which raised Portugal's exports and necessitating more slavery due to its massive farms. Social
What social changes were
brought by the establishment of
their trading posts and/or
colonies? Due to political supremacy in the 1750s, Creoles who were born in Latin America but descended from Spanish Immigrants began to fight for independence because they felt
they had a lower social, political, and economic standing A system used in colonial Spain and Portugal to assign social status to individuals on several racial classifications.
Peninsulares -> Criollos -> Castas -> slave and indigenous
Culture
What cultural changes were
brought by the establishment of
their trading posts and/or
colonies? The majority of the material we know about the Aztecs was written by the Spaniards, who destroyed their writings and documents making it somewhat prejudiced. Created animosity between the groups but had little effect on
Asian culture because the aristocracy and scholars believed them to be barbarous; most interactions were with traders and merchants
Netherlands (Dutch)
France
England
Government
Explain the process of state
building and expansion.
How they build and manage their
empires? Who was in charge?
What type of govt?
Dutch republic: was a confederation
Absolute monarchy: Louis XIV
Monarchy with parliament
Parliament allowed nobles to have more power
English bill of rights
Trading Posts and/or
Colonies Established
Indian ocean: Malacca and Batavia.
Americans: Hudson river area/New Amsterdam which connected the French to the English.
Japan: the one country allowed to trade with them and the island off of Nagasaki.
Americas: Canada (Didn't settle permanently)
South Asia: Pondicherry (driven out by England later)
Americas: Virginia (mainly Protestant colonies)
Jamaica: Taken over by the Spanish
Technological
Innovations
What technologies did this empire
utilize or develop to establish and
maintain their sea-based empire?
Utilizing the Fluyt ship for trade, they
were able to out perform other European countries. French fortresses and weaponry were important components of their colonial ambitions.
As a result of the Navy's rise to prominence, English maritime dominance
was reinforced. Ship design and navigation innovations were essential. Economic How did the trading posts and/or
colonies contribute to this empire’s
economic development? By 1609, Bank of Amsterdam was a global currency trader.
Its high taxes stemmed from national trade, which made living expenses the highest.
Its stock company was based on research and trading.
Money making techniques with investors created financial bubbles,which resulted in bankruptcy and economic harm for these nations.
Mercantilist law, like the Navigation Acts, were put in place to guarantee the mother
country's economic gain. Colonies were provided markets and products for English products.
Social
What social changes were brought
by the establishment of their
trading posts and/or colonies? sparked hostilities between the local
Native Americans and English colonist
Cultural Interchange occurred in French colonies, where the Native populace was exposed to French language, habits, and products.
Most English settlers were followers of this intolerable faith, and relocated to get away from the government's repressive rule.
Culture
What cultural changes were
brought by the establishment of
their trading posts and/or
colonies? Most accepting of all religions and cultures of Europe, particularly towards Jews who contributed to the
development of the nation's financial
industry.
Local cultures were influenced by French colonialism, which resulted in the combination of French and indigenous components.
The lingering effects of the English colonialism can be seen in the local languages, political systems, and social norms.
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