HIS-144-T4

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School

Grand Canyon University *

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Course

144

Subject

History

Date

Apr 3, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

4

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Grade: 90/90 Instructor comments: This is another solid effort - your discussion is thoughtful and sophisticated, and backed with an array of evidence from the readings. Well done - thank you for the hard work! HIS-144: The Development of the American Economy Directions: Respond to the five questions below using resources from the Topic 4 Readings, including your textbook, materials provided by your instructor through class discussion, and materials from the GCU Library Guide for HIS-144 US History Themes. The overall assignment must include three to five relevant scholarly sources in support of your content. While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. Wikipedia, Ask.com, ehow.com and other online information sites, encyclopedias, or dictionaries are not considered university academic sources and are NOT TO BE USED . 1. Explain Henry Clay’s American System. How did this promote a spirit of nationalism in America? (100-200 words) America was growing and it needed a way to become less dependent on the United Kingdom. To do this America needed a way to grow the economy and connect to the North, South, East, and West part of America. This would bring Henry Clay’s American System into play. This "System" consisted of three mutually reinforcing parts: a tariff to protect and promote American industry; a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other "internal improvements" to develop profitable markets for agriculture (Byrd, 2019). The tariff would essentially be revenue that would be raised from selling public land and imposing tariffs that would also protect American products from imports. Some parts of America were not in favor of the tariffs, and Calhoun withdrew his support because he felt that this system would hurt the south. Many historians feel that this event was a main reason for the Civil War, the conflict between state’s rights and the rights of the federal government (Emerging America, n.d.). Federal Bank would help the national currency and help in interstate trade. This in return would help to make the Bank of the United States more stable. The Transportation would help to connect all the different parts of America together by creating roads, canals, and bridges. This would help the nations with trade and accessibility to markets. I believe in many ways this helped to promote a spirit of nationalism with American people. Anyone who lived here wanted independence and this was one way to separate away from United Kingdom. 1
2. Discuss America’s transportation revolution in the first half of the 1800s. What role did government play in the development of roads, canals, railroads, and steamboats? (100- 200 words) The beginning of transportation started with the use of rivers and sea. However, America’s rivers run primarily from north to south, making travel from east to west difficult (Schultz, 2018). Needing to improve transportation, many states would start using tax dollars to help create toll roads and other means of transportation. This funding sparked four eras of transportation innovation: (1) the turnpike era, which was a great expansion from Maryland to West Virginia, but many roads were still slow and were unpaved. (2) the canal era, this best-known canal was the Erie canal which connected Buffalo to Albany. This was a great economic success, but cutting time from twenty-two days down to six days. It would also have tolls which would bring in big profits. (3) the steamboat era, was also a great way to help transport goods along the Mississippi River to help connect the south to the North. (4) the railroad era, this was the cornerstone of the American transportation revolution of the 1840s and 1850s (Schultz, 2018). The railroads had many advantages over all the other forms of travel. No more worrying about the natural waterways, freezing, and so much faster than a mule. The state government was eager to develop a diversified economy, so helping to create the railroads was on the top agenda. 3. Identify three major industries (not including the railroad) of America’s Industrial Revolution after the Civil War. What made the men who controlled them so successful? (150-200 words) There were the basic central industries during the Industrial Revolution, railroads, steel, petroleum, and development of electrical power. Soon after technology was beginning to emerge with inventions like the light bulb, telephone, and the typewriter. All these industries would help to open doors to other developments or inventions. Power tools, cameras, and elevators were all created from the development of electrical power. The men who controlled them were successful in part by desire, greed, creativity. R ockefeller, Carnegie, and Bell success can be attributed to pioneering efforts at horizontal integration. Which basically means that they use their business to take over its competitors and limit the competition. 4. Explain the importance of the transcontinental railroad. In what ways did the transcontinental railroad change America? (100-200 words) This was a big development for America, creating job opportunities. The ability for people to travel from one seacoast to another in a matter of days compared to weeks, while taking in the beauty of the country would create some Americas greatest authors, inventors, and businessmen. Completed in 1869 it was the 1 st of many transcontinental railroads with many financial incentives from federal government. The interstate trade began to surge, now someone from the east coast could get products from Asia which was creating an economic boom for products. Farmers could herd cattle faster, instead of having cowboys riding out with the cattle. Another farmer selling its crops could be shipped, and he could be back home in days instead of weeks. This also create more 2
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