CH19

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School

Palomar College *

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Course

108

Subject

History

Date

May 9, 2024

Type

txt

Pages

13

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Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following contributed to China's problems in the nineteenth century? a. The state's failure to maintain flood control and public security b. The decline in the Chinese population in the past century c. The expansion and bureaucratization of the central government d. The weakening power of provincial officials and local gentry 2. How was the Taiping Uprising different from other peasant rebellions in China? a. Its ideology was a unique form of Christianity. b. Its goal was to restore an idealized Chinese society. c. It proclaimed a millenarian religious message. d. It drew upon a variety of peasant grievances. 3. Which of the following was a consequence of the Taiping Uprising? a. The state initiated an effective and successful program of modernization. b. The problems facing the peasantry were addressed and permanently resolved. c. The Qing dynasty collapsed, leading to years of civil war and foreign invasion. d. The provincial gentry consolidated their power at the expense of the central state. 4. What was the significance of the opium trade in China in the nineteenth century? a. It increased the tax revenue collected by China. b. It resulted in a large flow of silver into China. c. It reversed the trade imbalance in favor of Britain. d. It lowered unemployment rates in rural China. 5. Which of the following phrases was used by many Chinese to describe their country during the nineteenth century? a. Heavenly kingdom of great peace b. Revolution from above c. The Middle Kingdom d. Carved up like a melon 6. What could countries with a sphere of influence in China do within their respective spheres? a. Collect tribute b. Issue imperial edicts
c. Establish parliaments d. Build railroads 7. The presence of which of the following in Map 19.1 is evidence of the erosion of Chinese independence at the hands of European powers? a. Widespread Muslim revolts b. Extensive railroads c. Treaty ports d. Widespread rebellions 8. Based upon Map 19.1, which of the following is evidence of China's transformation to an industrialized nation? a. The large number of railroads b. The widespread presence of treaty ports c. The limited geographic extent of the Boxer Uprising d. The shared border with the colonies of industrialized Japan 9. Which of the following reflects the goal of the policies introduced by the Chinese state in the 1860s and 1870s to address the problems facing China? a. To restore free trade and diplomatic relations with European states b. To reinvigorate China by selectively borrowing from the West c. To redistribute land equally among the peasantry and landlords d. To encourage the growth of an independent capitalist class 10. Which of the following was an antiforeign movement that erupted in northern China at the turn of the twentieth century and seriously weakened the Qing dynasty? a. The self-strengthening movement b. The Hundred Days of Reform c. The Boxer Uprising d. The Taiping Uprising 11. Which of the following was a target for attack in the new nationalism that emerged in China at the turn of the twentieth century? a. The Qing dynasty
b. Western science and technology c. Western political practices d. Educated Chinese 12. How did Napoleon's invasion of Egypt in 1798 affect the Ottoman Empire? a. The Ottoman Empire lost Egypt as a province. b. The core region of the Ottoman Empire came under French rule. c. A massive peasant uprising erupted that nearly toppled the Ottoman Empire. d. The Ottoman Empire was required to exempt the French from Ottoman law. 13. Which of the following contributed to the contraction of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century? a. Disagreement among the European states on how to divide the Ottoman Empire among themselves b. Nationalist-inspired independence movements in Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Romania c. Explosive population growth in the nineteenth century d. Ottoman control of Afro-Eurasian commerce 14. According to Map 19.2, “The Contraction of the Ottoman Empire,” which of the following territories was the first to be taken from the empire? a. Turkey b. Syria c. Egypt d. Romania 15. The capitulations between European countries and the Ottoman Empire were like the a. spheres of influence in Japan. b. Meiji Restoration in Japan. c. unequal treaties between European countries and China. d. defensive modernization programs in China and Japan. 16. Which of the following characterizes the goal of the Tanzimat reforms initiated by the Ottoman leadership in the mid-nineteenth century? a. To strengthen the power of the Janissaries and give more autonomy to
the ulama b. To clarify and reaffirm the religious principles for a renewed Muslim state c. To establish an economic, social, and legal base for a strong centralized state d. To confirm the fundamentally Islamic character of the Ottoman Empire 17. Which of the following was a goal of the Young Ottomans? a. The overthrow of the Ottoman Empire and restoration of the caliphate b. The replacement of the ulama by the reinvigorated Janissaries c. The creation of a European-style parliamentary, constitutional regime d. The creation of a theocratic state based on Islamic principles 18. In the nineteenth century, which group in the Ottoman Empire advocated a program of radical secularization and modernization along European lines? a. Young Ottomans b. Young Turks c. The daimyo d. Islamic modernists 19. In what respect were Qing China and the Ottoman Empire similar in the nineteenth century? a. Both created industrial economies that made them equal to Europe. b. Both successfully strengthened and centralized their states. c. Both lost their independence to Japan in the late nineteenth century. d. Both were semi-colonies within the informal empires of Europe. 20. What did the Young Turks advocate? a. A religious war against the West b. A militantly secular Turkish state c. A jihad against all non-Muslims d. A regime based on Wahhabi principles 21. Islam retained a hold on Ottoman civilization in the twentieth century more firmly than Confucianism did in China because Islamic civilization a. defined loyalty in religious terms. b. was linked to China. c. promoted an elitist outlook. d. had many independent centers. 22. What was a result of the reform program launched by the Japanese leadership in the late nineteenth century?
a. The rejection of Western models in favor of Chinese models b. The fall of the emperor and the restoration of the Tokugawa c. A radical transformation of the social structure of Japan d. The isolation of Japan from the rest of the world 23. Which of the following developments during the Tokugawa era provided a solid foundation for Japan's industrial growth in the late nineteenth century? a. The high status of the samurai b. The centralization of political authority c. The urbanization of Japanese society d. The power and prestige of the shogun 24. The many rules and regulations issued by the Tokugawa shogunate reflect its goal to a. freeze Japanese society in the interests of stability. b. control the process of borrowing from Western culture. c. encourage capitalism and industrialization in Japan. d. play the Western powers against one another. 25. Which of the following reflects how Japanese society was changing during the Tokugawa era? a. The participation of samurai in commerce b. The maintenance of a residence in Edo by daimyo c. The creation of a national army loyal to the shogun d. The autonomy enjoyed by daimyo over their domains 26. What did the United States expect to gain by sending a naval fleet to Japan in 1853? a. The right to grow opium on Japanese soil b. The acquisition of Japan as a U.S. colony c. The right to fish in the waters surrounding Japan d. The opening of Japanese ports for trade 27. How did the leaders that emerged after the Meiji Restoration in Japan respond to the threat of Western imperialism? a. They fought a war against the United States. b. They used Western models to transform Japan. c. They looked to China for inspiration. d. They initiated Confucian reforms. 28. In what way was Japan in a better position than China or the Ottoman Empire in
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