Makeup Discussion 4 Worksheet (Updated)-1

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Colorado State University, Global Campus *

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Communications

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Apr 29, 2024

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Makeup Discussion 4 Worksheet Name: _______________________________________ Step 1: Watch the discussion introduction video on canvas Step 2: Read the information below and answer the questions. “Group A streptococcus” is the bacteria that causes Strep Throat. If you’ve ever been to the doctor for a sore throat, they may have swabbed the back of your throat to do a test for Strep. A rapid strep test is done first, and the results are usually ready in about 10 minutes. This is what we call the "rapid test result", which can sometimes be wrong (false positive or false negative). A culture test can also be done, and is more accurate, but takes 1 to 2 days to get results. For this reason, the result of the culture test is often considered to be the reality (e.g. if you have a positive culture, then you do have strep throat), and culture tests are often used to confirm positive tests (i.e. to make sure the rapid test is not a false positive). Both tests are trying to detect if the bacteria “Group A streptococcus” is present. The table below shows the rapid test and culture test results for 211 patients who came in with a sore throat. For this data, we will use the culture result as the ‘truth’ about whether the patient has strep throat or not. Strep Throat (culture positive) No Strep Throat (culture negative) Total Rapid Positive 93 10 103 Rapid Negative 4 104 108 Total 97 114 211 Note: This table shows one study on one disease. These numbers are heavily dependent on the prevalence of the disease and the accuracy of the tests. This does not represent all diseases. For example, a test for coronavirus, HIV, or a pregnancy (not a disease, but a similar testing situation) will all have different tables with different numbers. The goal here is to show a variety of calculations that can be done and the importance of knowing how to interpret those many calculations. Answer the following questions. Please use the proper notation, show all of your work, and write the answer as a proportion rounded to two decimal places. 1. What proportion of patients who did not have Strep Throat had a rapid positive test (False Positive)? P(No Strep Throat | Rapid Positive)= 10/114=0.088*100= 8.8% .08 or 8.8%

Makeup Discussion 4 Worksheet 2. What proportion of patients who did have Strep Throat had a rapid negative test (False Negative)? P(Strep Throat | Rapid Negative)= 4/97=0.041*100=4.1% .04 or 4.1% 3. What proportion of patients who did not have Strep Throat had a rapid negative test (True Negative)? P(No Strep Throat | Rapid Negative)= 104/114=0.91*100=91.2% .91 or 91.2% 4. What proportion of patients who did have Strep Throat had a rapid positive test (True Positive)? P(Strep Throat | Rapid Positive)= 93/97=0.96*100=96% .96 or 96% 5. How would you explain the concepts of a ‘False Positive’ and ‘False Negative’ to someone who has not taken a statistics class? A false positive or false negative refers to a test result that indicates a person has a specific disease or condition when the person actually does not have the disease or condition.

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