1960. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History

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VII. The Contemporary Period, 1945–2000 > A. General and Comparative Dimensions > 2. International Relations > a. Rise of the Cold War and End of Empires > 1960

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The Encyclopedia of World History. 2001.


1960

Cold war developments included plans for a summit meeting between Eisenhower and Khrushchev; it was cancelled when a U.S. high-altitude spy plane, a U-2, was discovered and shot down by the Soviets.	1
Independence achieved by 17 countries in AFRICA during the year.	2
UN peacekeeping force deployed in the newly independent Congo following the outbreak of severe civil strife. The force was finally withdrawn in 1964.	3
The Second UN Conference on the Law of the Sea added to existing agreements on the use of ocean resources.	4

1961

Cold war developments included the VIENNA SUMMIT CONFERENCE (June) between U.S. president Kennedy and Soviet premier Khrushchev, at which many issues were discussed; the construction of the BERLIN WALL (Aug.) revealed the continuing tension over Germany and Soviet concern about the large numbers of refugees fleeing to the West.	5
The World Food Program for dealing with problems of hunger and famine relief was established.	6
The Assembly of the World Council of Churches met in Delhi, India, and the International Missionary Council was formally integrated into the organization.	7

April

Yuri Gagarin, Soviet astronaut, became the FIRST HUMAN TO ORBIT THE EARTH.	8

Sept

The Conference of Non-Aligned Nations in Belgrade was attended by 25 states and established a continuing organizational structure. UN secretary general Dag Hammarskjöld was killed in an airplane crash in the Congo.	9

Nov

U THANT OF BURMA named acting secretary general of the UN and subsequently elected (1962) to a four-year term.	10


The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition. Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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